NICK GREAVES

MIND AND MEMORY

18. Quantum Entanglement and Contextuality

This is an initial attempt to develop an explanation of how quantum entanglement can bring about similar actions over distance  instantly, not limited by light speed,  by involving the concept of contextuality. I cannot do this  in terms of the more usual Maths and algebraic formulae in which I have little competence. Instead, I have always had to rely on the visual mental  images to attempt an understanding of any such phenomena. These have mainly been derived from my reading of Anton Zeilinger’s book, The Dance of the photons.

I understand that in actual experiments of quantum entanglement, the identical transmission of millions, if not billions, of these photons  are transmitted presumably at light speed, from A to B. Not only must   these all be identical, which of course they are, but that the rate of emission will be steady, so that this will  result in a constant and entirely regular stream of these indecipherable entities  in identical motion. They will all have identical velocities in identical directions. Although it is presumably possible to isolate and transmit individual photons, experiments on entanglement nearly always necessarily involve streams of identical polarised photons.

This means that the transmitting source does that as a totally steady emission rate, so that effectively here is a single construct of indecipherably identical entities in identical motion at the same velocity, to effectively exist as a single bridge of connection between two separate locations A and B. The construction of this bridge is entirely regular as if it were a solid single entity, unchanging other than that its constituent contents are in motion at light speed which will indisputably be at a specific constant value, in a vacuum. I also understand that for quantum effects to take place, the transmitting end has to emit photons perfectly randomly, and the receiving end has to be similarly capable of acting perfectly randomly and able to detect any change in such random behaviour.

So here you have a solid bridge or link of totally regular construction, but instead of it being of stationary composition, the constituent photons  are in absolutely regular motion, traveling from A to B at light speed. Thus, here is effectively a construct of huge regularity and order.   Now, if suddenly the constant flow is interrupted at the transmission source for an instant so that this regularly  constructed flow  is broken, the result is that that this formerly constant link of absolutely regular construction throughout its extended length between A to B, suddenly ceases. It is no longer a solid link, no longer absolutely consistent throughout, as it was formerly. The bridge disappears at once over its full length instantaneously, just like that: gone.

To repeat, my supposition is that this might have the effect of instant destruction of the formerly highly ordered structure, so that the whole length of it disappears, not only at the transmission end but also simultaneously at the receiving end, as well, ending not only its function but also its cause of existence. This would occur if the source of transmission were to alter its rate of steady emission in any manner at all. This would result in instant transmission of the collapse of the formerly solid bridge, and at both ends simultaneously.  It is no longer an effective bridge, due to a contextual change in its constitution which at once  destroys its function of A being connected it B. Such a cessation of activity as a contextual change from one end, would act instantaneously destroy the order and thus the existence of the bridge/connection between A and B. 

I know almost nothing of these theories, but contextuality  seems a major issue in entanglement and in my example described above, it is exactly a sudden change in context of a sudden break of continuing absolute regular motion, that if interrupted, is experienced at once, and  all over that regular construction/composition.

Well, that is how I consider an explanation can be made of an instant connection over distance at exactly the same moment, as opposed to the time it would take for the photons to travel at light speed over the same distance. This might be caused by an irregularity in the rate of transmission from one end, or possibly just a cessation anywhere for whatever externally applied reason: the effect of the latter would be the same , with the function of either end disappearing simultaneously. This would also presumably be a non local effect, since such a sudden cessation would not involve the photons having to travel the remaining width of the distance apart of A and B, after such a cessation.

However, information in the form of a stream of photons from A to B might be able to continue at light speed  via variations in the rate of transmission and arrivals if they were modulated from the transmitting end. This would be so that after an instigated cessation of order and/or flow, yet another separate flow system might be instigated immediately after the breakdown of the earlier stream, and another connection between A and B set up again. If the length of time that this new flow or bridge was allowed to endure, was different to that of the endurance of the previous connection, then this would involve a new and different bit of information. This would again be instantly transferred when caused to cease.

Quantum entanglement (QE) is used for communication by taking advantage of the unique correlations exhibited by entangled qubits. However, QE does not allow for communication faster than speed of light. Quantum teleportation procedures use entanglement to transfer quantum states across long distances, but the problem here is that teleportation requires the transmission of a classical bits in addition to entangled qubits. This is necessary because although entanglement operates instantaneously, information about the transfer as evidence is also required and its delivery back to the source is limited by the classical speed of light. However, via the system described above of a series of different sequences of such cessations of flow, the result deliver a form of instant transmission and transfer of information, which is currently considered to be not possible.

To enlarge on this apparent impossibility of instant transfer of entangled information, the problem involved can be summarised as follows. QE provides a system to connects entangled units over large distance, or indeed any amount of distance, by the process of the unique correlation exhibited by entangled units. However Quantum teleportation requires in addition the transmission of a classical bit back to the source , so that the actual information transfer is limited by classical light speed.

However, if bursts of sequential streams of bridging flows of photons were interspersed to endure for different intervals of time, and which would be registered at both A and B simultaneously as described above, then such a system of modulation should be possible to enable the instant transfer of the information that would be enabled by transmission of varying time intervals of instant flow and cessations. This would be equivalent to the way in which EM information has been transmitted across distance, first in Morse code, then via amplitude modulation, and latterly by frequency modulation across space at light speed for more than a century.

But just how this contextual procedure of interrupting a constant stream of an identical structure might then be modulated to convey information as well, has yet to be developed. Currently it seems to be considered that information cannot be transferred over distance and/or time via quantum entanglement, however perhaps this is because a basic understanding of contextuality has not yet been mastered. In this respect, from Wikipedia there follows some extracted passages on the subject of quantum contextuality.

“Contextuality was first demonstrated to be a feature of quantum phenomenology by the Bell–Kochen–Specker theorem. The study of contextuality has developed into a major topic of interest in quantum foundations as the phenomenon crystallises certain non-classical and counter-intuitive aspects of quantum theory. A number of powerful mathematical frameworks have been developed to study and better understand contextuality, from the perspective of sheaf theory, graph theoryhypergraphsalgebraic topology, and probabilistic couplings.[Nonlocality, in the sense of Bell’s theorem, may be viewed as a special case of the more general phenomenon of contextuality, in which measurement contexts contain measurements that are distributed over spacelike separated regions. This follows from Fine’s theorem……..”

In summary, if varying instances and sequences of contextual flows were issued and then ceased in very rapid succession, it might be possible for information tothus be passed, it might be possible for information to thus be passed from A to B and encoded in the formation of symbols/frequencies in much the same way that frequency modulation is use to transfer information via EM radiation. But that whereas such information is limited to light speed and classical laws of behaviour, information could be transferred instantly across any amount of distance apart in the form of coded contextual breakages and cessations.

Furthermore, since an experiment was carried out by Eli Megidish in 2013 (Entanglement swapping between photons that have never co-existed) it has been shown that entanglement can also be experienced over time as well as space. This would in principle presumably present a relatively simple method to explain the operation of eidetic memory, otherwise experienced as perfect recall or regression. The latter is my principal interest and which I initially assumed was possible, although it has taken me a fair amount of time to be able to derive a thesis for explanation of mechanism of entanglement in terms that I was able to grasp in mental images which seems not impossible, and in some ways surprisingly simple, but regrettably not in the sophisticated and very exclusive language of mathematics.

10/01/23